A large population-based study from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) offers new insight into some of the key factors associated with stronger skin barrier function.
The study, published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology Innovations, evaluated 286 participants between the ages of 32 to 97. The majority were over the age of 75 (67%), 55% were female, 69% non-smokers, and a total of 71% self-identified as White.
Findings suggest that age, sex, race, and body mass index (BMI) may each influence skin barrier performance differently.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between participant characteristics and barrier function measures, including transepidermal water loss (TEWL), barrier integrity, dynamic barrier function, and barrier recovery. Researchers also collected tape-strip skin samples, a noninvasive method used to remove and analyze the outermost layers of skin in order to better understand skin barrier composition and repair activity.
According to study results, being of older age, the female sex, of Black race, and having a higher BMI were each associated with at least one measure of improved barrier function. It was also noted that older participants demonstrated better dynamic barrier function and baseline barrier permeability, while female participants showed enhanced barrier recovery as well as stronger dynamic barrier function. In addition, Black participants also had better dynamic barrier integrity and improved barrier function.
The study also included a proteomic sub-analysis of tape-strip samples from 20 participants aged 70 to 90 years. Using PANTHER (Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationships) analysis, investigators examined the proteins associated with skin barrier activity and grouped the participants based on barrier strength. The results showed that those with healthier skin barriers showed increased levels of proteins involved in skin repair and protection, along with lower levels of systemic inflammation.
The authors have stated that these findings may help clarify inconsistencies seen in previous skin barrier research and support a more individualized understanding of skin aging and barrier health. Investigators noted that epidermal barrier function is essential for maintaining healthy skin and protecting against irritation, inflammation, and age-related damage.
Key Takeaways
- Older age, female sex, Black race, and higher BMI were associated with at least one measure of stronger skin barrier function.
- Black participants demonstrated greater barrier integrity and stronger dynamic barrier function.
- Proteomic analysis linked stronger barrier function with increased expression of proteins involved in barrier composition and epidermal repair.
